oo many trees planted in urban or developed sites eventually succumb to the heat and drought stress resulting from surrounding impervious surface cover. This simple field technique helps landscapers (and planners) predict tree health (the research focused on red maples which are particularly susceptible to such stress so other species may be more tolerant). Planners could use the predictions to create fewer failed urban plantings.
http://content.ces.ncsu.edu/measuring-impervious-surface-cover-with-the-pace-to-plant-technique
http://ecoipm.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Dale_2016_Arb.pdf